ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR OBESITY IN SCHOOL CHILDREN

Abstract

Obesity in school children is a public health problem that continues to increase in both developed and developing countries. Obesity not only affects physical health, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, but also affects psychosocial aspects, academic performance, and children's quality of life. This study aims to analyze various risk factors that contribute to obesity in school-age children, including individual factors, family environment, school environment, and socioeconomic and cultural factors. The study was conducted through a literature review approach by examining various national and international journals related to the epidemiology of childhood obesity, its causes, and prevention efforts. The results of the study show that childhood obesity is influenced by a combination of high-calorie diets, lack of physical activity, sedentary behaviors such as excessive use of electronic devices, family upbringing, school environments that do not support physical activity, as well as genetic and socioeconomic factors. This study is expected to serve as a basis for health workers, teachers, and parents in designing promotional and preventive strategies to reduce its incidence.